Sudan’s war erupted in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), triggering a major humanitarian crisis.

South Sudanese officials said Sudan’s military had carried out drone strikes that hit a market in the disputed Abyei region, killing over 150 people, one of the deadliest attacks in a war that has spilled across Sudan’s borders.

The strike showed the lethality of airstrikes in Sudan’s war, which erupted in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), triggering a major humanitarian crisis and drawing in local militias and foreign powers.

According to local authorities, the attack that hit the market in Abyei took place around midday on Monday. Yohana Akol Ngor, the caretaker minister of information in Abyei, told Reuters on Tuesday that the death toll had jumped to 153 from 73.

He said Sudan’s army was responsible for the attack, without providing evidence. A spokesperson for Sudan’s armed forces did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Three diplomatic sources, an aid worker and an expert on the conflict told Reuters the strike hit a fuel depot in the market. The diplomatic sources said the depot had been used in the past by the RSF to supply its forces. A spokesperson for the RSF did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

South Sudan declared independence from Sudan in 2011. Since then, both countries have staked a claim to oil-rich Abyei, which is jointly administered. It borders Sudan’s Kordofan region, which has become a major center of fighting in Sudan’s war.

Officials in Sudan’s military-led government told Reuters the RSF is active in parts of Abyei. Ngor denied the presence of the RSF in Abyei. Reuters could not immediately verify the claims.

The United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) warned in May that the presence of the RSF in Abyei had increased insecurity there, adding that delays in determining the disputed region’s final status had put civilians and UNISFA personnel at risk.

Struggle to retrieve bodies

Ngor told Reuters that emergency workers had struggled to retrieve the bodies because of fires caused by the strikes.

“It has reached 153 — those we can confirm killed and the number will even rise (further),” he said. “The fire is still burning. So the recovery process of the dead ones is still continuing. The situation is terrible.”

Some 8,000 people had been displaced by Monday’s bombing, Ngor added.

South Sudan’s foreign ministry said in a statement late on Monday that drones struck a market located north of Abyei town, but did not specify the number of civilian casualties. The ministry said it had summoned the Sudanese ambassador in protest.

Sudanese armed forces and the RSF have recently escalated drone strikes, with a series of attacks targeting RSF-held Nyala and army-held Khartoum airport this week. Sudanese rights group Emergency Lawyers said dozens of people were killed in attacks on October 17 and 18 in al-Muglad in West Kordofan state, attributing them to the Sudanese army.

Chadian authorities have accused Sudan’s military of carrying out drone strikes on its territory, which UN experts say is regularly used by RSF supply lines. Sudan’s foreign ministry said in late August that its armed forces were acting to protect the country’s security.

On October 10, an airstrike close to Sudan’s border with Egypt killed more than 70 artisanal miners, according to a local rights group.

Patients treated for burns

Abyei experiences frequent bouts of violence, with clashes usually involving rival ethnic groups or armed militias. The attack is the deadliest in years to hit the area, where medical supplies and healthcare are scarce.

South Sudan’s government says it has not taken sides in its neighbor’s war. However, diplomats and experts say Abyei has established itself as crucial, serving as a transit point for RSF logistics, particularly fuel.

Medical charity Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) said in a statement posted late on Monday that it was treating more than 20 wounded, some with burns, at the nearby Ameth Bek Hospital.

“We are providing surgical services and wound dressing, along with other emergency care,” said Christian Lindauer, MSF medical activities manager at Ameth Bek Hospital.

Photographs shared on MSF’s official social media account showed bandaged patients lying on the floor as they received care for their injuries.